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The newest version of Photoshop requires DirectX 12. Some older GPUs do not support this, and have shown significant lag.
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To fix this:
Open Photoshop via Creative Cloud
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From the Toolbar, select 'Edit' > 'Preferences' > 'Technology Previews..'
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From within Technology Previews, check 'Deactivate Native Canvas' and select 'OK.'
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Exit and restart Photoshop and you should see significant improvement on machines with older GPUs.
This fix seems to only apply to user profiles on each machine; at least for now, you will need to do this each time you log in to a new machine with this error.